Seizures are abnormal, synchronous, neuronal discharges within the cerebral cortex. This creates a state where if the neonatal brain is pathologically provoked, a manifestation of this provocation can be seizures. Upon birth, it is in a state of continued brain development thus, some areas are immature. The neonatal brain is unique when compared to different age groups. The following activity will provide an overview of the etiologies, clinical features, evaluation, and approach to the management of a patient with neonatal seizures. Thus, rapid recognition and evaluation are required to identify and treat the underlying etiology, prevent further brain injury, and extinguish the seizure activity. When a patient with neonatal seizures is encountered, it may be the first clinical sign of a serious neurologic disorder. Thus, neonatal seizures have unique pathophysiology and electrographic findings resulting in clinical manifestations that can be different (and more difficult to identify) when compared to older age groups. During this period, the neonatal brain is developmentally immature. They are defined as the occurrence of sudden, paroxysmal, abnormal alteration of electrographic activity at any point from birth to the end of the neonatal period. Neonatal seizures are a commonly encountered neurologic condition in neonates.
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